King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Sumu-abum^[c]	Šumu-abum	c. 1894 BC	c. 1881 BC
Sumu-la-El	Šumu-la-El	c. 1880 BC	c. 1845 BC
Sabium	Sabūm	c. 1844 BC	c. 1831 BC
Apil-Sin	Apil-Sîn	c. 1830 BC	c. 1813 BC
Sin-Muballit	Sîn-Muballit	c. 1812 BC	c. 1793 BC
Hammurabi	Ḫammu-rāpi	c. 1792 BC	c. 1750 BC
Samsu-iluna	Šamšu-iluna	c. 1749 BC	c. 1712 BC
Abi-Eshuh	Abī-Ešuḫ	c. 1711 BC	c. 1684 BC
Ammi-Ditana	Ammi-ditāna	c. 1683 BC	c. 1647 BC
Ammi-Saduqa	Ammi-Saduqa	c. 1646 BC	c. 1626 BC
Samsu-Ditana	Šamšu-ditāna	c. 1625 BC	c. 1595 BC

Dynasty II (1st Sealand), M.Ö 1725–1475

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Ilum-ma-ili	Ilum-ma-ilī	c. 1725 BC	??
Itti-ili-nibi	Itti-ili-nībī	??
...^[d]	— ^[e]	??
Damqi-ilishu	Damqi-ilišu	[26 years(?)]
Ishkibal	Iškibal	[15 years]
Shushushi	Šušši	[24 years]
Gulkishar	Gulkišar	[55 years]
^mDIŠ-U-EN^[f]	[Uncertain reading]	??
Peshgaldaramesh	Pešgaldarameš	c. 1599 BC	c. 1549 BC
Ayadaragalama	Ayadaragalama	c. 1548 BC	c. 1520 BC
Akurduana	Akurduana	c. 1519 BC	c. 1493 BC
Melamkurkurra	Melamkurkurra	c. 1492 BC	c. 1485 BC
Ea-gamil	Ea-gamil	c. 1484 BC	c. 1475 BC

Dynasty III (Kassite), M.Ö 1729–1155

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Gandash	Gandaš	c. 1729 BC	c. 1704 BC
Agum I	Agum	c. 1703 BC	c. 1682 BC
Kashtiliash I	Kaštiliašu	c. 1681 BC	c. 1660 BC
...^[g]	— ^[h]	c. 1659 BC	??
Abi-Rattash	Abi-Rattaš	??
Kashtiliash II	Kaštiliašu	??
Urzigurumash	Ur-zigurumaš	??
Agum II^[j]	Agum-Kakrime	??
Harba-Shipak	Ḫarba-Šipak	??
Shipta'ulzi	Šipta’ulzi	??
...^[k]	— ^[l]	??
Burnaburiash I	Burna-Buriaš	c. 1530 BC	c. 1500 BC
Ulamburiash	Ulam-Buriaš	[c. 1475 BC]
Kashtiliash III	Kaštiliašu	??
Agum III	Agum	??
Kadashman-Sah^[m]	Kadašman-Saḫ	??
Karaindash	Karaindaš	[c. 1415 BC]
Kadashman-Harbe I	Kadašman-Ḫarbe	[c. 1400 BC]
Kurigalzu I	Kuri-Galzu	??
Kadashman-Enlil I	Kadašman-Enlil	c. 1374 BC	c. 1360 BC
Burnaburiash II	Burna-Buriaš	c. 1359 BC	c. 1333 BC
Kara-hardash	Kara-ḫardaš	c. 1333 BC	c. 1333 BC
Nazi-Bugash	Nazi-Bugaš	c. 1333 BC	c. 1333 BC
Kurigalzu II	Kuri-Galzu	c. 1332 BC	c. 1308 BC
Nazi-Maruttash	Nazi-Maruttaš	c. 1307 BC	c. 1282 BC
Kadashman-Turgu	Kadašman-Turgu	c. 1281 BC	c. 1264 BC
Kadashman-Enlil II	Kadašman-Enlil	c. 1263 BC	c. 1255 BC
Kudur-Enlil	Kudur-Enlil	c. 1254 BC	c. 1246 BC
Shagarakti-Shuriash	Šagarakti-Šuriaš	c. 1245 BC	c. 1233 BC
Kashtiliash IV	Kaštiliašu	c. 1232 BC	c. 1225 BC
Enlil-nadin-shumi^[o]	Enlil-nādin-šumi	c. 1224 BC	c. 1224 BC
Kadashman-Harbe II^[o]	Kadašman-Ḫarbe	c. 1223 BC	c. 1223 BC
Adad-shuma-iddina^[o]	Adad-šuma-iddina	c. 1222 BC	c. 1217 BC
Adad-shuma-usur	Adad-šuma-uṣur	c. 1216 BC	c. 1187 BC
Meli-Shipak	Meli-Šipak	c. 1186 BC	c. 1172 BC
Marduk-apla-iddina I	Marduk-apla-iddina	c. 1171 BC	c. 1159 BC
Zababa-shuma-iddin	Zababa-šuma-iddina	c. 1158 BC	c. 1158 BC
Enlil-nadin-ahi	Enlil-nādin-aḫe	c. 1157 BC	c. 1155 BC

Dynasty IV (2nd Isin), M.Ö. 1153–1022

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Marduk-kabit-ahheshu	Marduk-kabit-aḫḫēšu	c. 1153 BC	c. 1136 BC
Itti-Marduk-balatu	Itti-Marduk-balāṭu	c. 1135 BC	c. 1128 BC
Ninurta-nadin-shumi	Ninurta-nādin-šumi	c. 1127 BC	c. 1122 BC
Nebuchadnezzar I	Nabû-kudurri-uṣur	c. 1121 BC	c. 1100 BC
Enlil-nadin-apli	Enlil-nādin-apli	c. 1099 BC	c. 1096 BC
Marduk-nadin-ahhe	Marduk-nādin-aḫḫē	c. 1095 BC	c. 1078 BC
Marduk-shapik-zeri	Marduk-šāpik-zēri	c. 1077 BC	c. 1065 BC
Adad-apla-iddina	Adad-apla-iddina	c. 1064 BC	c. 1043 BC
Marduk-ahhe-eriba	Marduk-aḫḫē-erība	c. 1042 BC	c. 1042 BC
Marduk-zer-X	Marduk-zēra-[—]^[r]	c. 1041 BC	c. 1030 BC
Nabu-shum-libur	Nabû-šumu-libūr	c. 1029 BC	c. 1022 BC

Dynasty V (2nd Sealand), M.Ö. 1021–1001

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Simbar-shipak	Simbar-Šipak	c. 1021 BC	c. 1004 BC
Ea-mukin-zeri	Ea-mukin-zēri	c. 1004 BC	c. 1004 BC
Kashshu-nadin-ahi	Kaššu-nādin-aḫi	c. 1003 BC	c. 1001 BC

Dynasty VI (Bazi), M.Ö 1000–981

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Eulmash-shakin-shumi	Eulmaš-šākin-šumi	c. 1000 BC	c. 984 BC
Ninurta-kudurri-usur I	Ninurta-kudurrῑ-uṣur	c. 983 BC	c. 981 BC
Shirikti-shuqamuna	Širikti-šuqamuna	c. 981 BC	c. 981 BC

Dynasty VII (Elamite), M.Ö. 980–975

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Mar-biti-apla-usur	Mār-bīti-apla-uṣur	c. 980 BC	c. 975 BC

Dynasty VIII (E), M.Ö. 974–732

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Nabu-mukin-apli	Nabû-mukin-apli	c. 974 BC	c. 939 BC
Ninurta-kudurri-usur II	Ninurta-kudurrῑ-uṣur	c. 939 BC	c. 939 BC
Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina	Mār-bῑti-aḫḫē-idinna	c. 938 BC	??
Shamash-mudammiq	Šamaš-mudammiq	??	c. 901 BC^[s]
Nabu-shuma-ukin I	Nabû-šuma-ukin	c. 900 BC^[s]	c. 887 BC^[t]
Nabu-apla-iddina	Nabû-apla-iddina	c. 886 BC^[t]	c. 853 BC^[t]
Marduk-zakir-shumi I	Marduk-zâkir-šumi	c. 852 BC^[t][u]	c. 825 BC^[u]
Marduk-balassu-iqbi	Marduk-balāssu-iqbi	c. 824 BC^[u]	813 BC^[v]
Baba-aha-iddina	Bāba-aḫa-iddina	813 BC^[v]	812 BC^[v]
Ninurta-apla-X	Ninurta-apla-[—]^[y]	??
Marduk-bel-zeri	Marduk-bēl-zēri	??
Marduk-apla-usur	Marduk-apla-uṣur	??	c. 769 BC^[z]
Eriba-Marduk	Erība-Marduk	c. 769 BC^[z]	c. 760 BC^[z]
Nabu-shuma-ishkun	Nabû-šuma-iškun	c. 760 BC^[z]	748 BC
Nabonassar	Nabû-nāṣir	748 BC	734 BC
Nabu-nadin-zeri	Nabû-nādin-zēri	734 BC	732 BC
Nabu-shuma-ukin II	Nabû-šuma-ukin	732 BC	732 BC

Dynasty IX (Assyrian), 732–626 BC[edit]

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Nabu-mukin-zeri	Nabû-mukin-zēri	732 BC	729 BC
Tiglath-Pileser III	Tukultī-apil-Ešarra	729 BC	727 BC
Shalmaneser V	Salmānu-ašarēd	727 BC	722 BC
Marduk-apla-iddina II (First reign)	Marduk-apla-iddina	722 BC	710 BC
Sargon II	Šarru-kīn	710 BC	705 BC
Sennacherib (First reign)	Sîn-ahhe-erība	705 BC	703 BC
Marduk-zakir-shumi II	Marduk-zâkir-šumi	703 BC	703 BC
Marduk-apla-iddina II (Second reign)	Marduk-apla-iddina	703 BC	703 BC
Bel-ibni	Bel-ibni	703 BC	700 BC
Aššur-nādin-šumi	Aššur-nādin-šumi	700 BC	694 BC
Nergal-ushezib	Nergal-ušezib	694 BC	693 BC
Mushezib-Marduk	Mušezib-Marduk	693 BC	689 BC
Sennacherib^[aa] (Second reign)	Sîn-ahhe-erība	689 BC	20 October 681 BC
Esarhaddon	Aššur-aḫa-iddina	December 681 BC	1 November 669 BC
Ashurbanipal^[ab] (First reign)	Aššur-bāni-apli	1 November 669 BC	March 668 BC
Šamaš-šuma-ukin	Šamaš-šuma-ukin	March 668 BC	648 BC
Ashurbanipal^[ac] (Second reign)	Aššur-bāni-apli	648 BC	646 BC
Kandalanu	Kandalānu	647 BC	627 BC
Sin-shumu-lishir^[ad]	Sîn-šumu-līšir	626 BC	626 BC
Sinsharishkun^[ad]	Sîn-šar-iškun	626 BC	626 BC

Dynasty X (Chaldean), M.Ö. 626–539

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Nabopolassar	Nabû-apla-uṣur	22/23 November 626 BC	July 605 BC
Nebuchadnezzar II	Nabû-kudurri-uṣur	August 605 BC	7 October 562 BC
Amel-Marduk	Amēl-Marduk	7 October 562 BC	August 560 BC
Neriglissar	Nergal-šar-uṣur	August 560 BC	April 556 BC
Labashi-Marduk	Lâbâši-Marduk	April 556 BC	June 556 BC
Nabonidus	Nabû-naʾid	25 May 556 BC	13 October 539 BC

Babylon under foreign rule, 539 BC – AD 224

Dynasty XI (Achaemenid), 539–331 BC[edit]

See also: Achaemenid dynasty and Achaemenid Empire

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Cyrus II the Great	Kuraš	29 October 539 BC	August 530 BC
Cambyses II	Kambuzīa	August 530 BC	April 522 BC
Bardiya	Barzia	April/May 522 BC	29 September 522 BC
Nebuchadnezzar III	Nabû-kudurri-uṣur	3 October 522 BC	December 522 BC
Darius I the Great (First reign)	Dariamuš	December 522 BC	25 August 521 BC
Nebuchadnezzar IV	Nabû-kudurri-uṣur	25 August 521 BC	27 November 521 BC
Darius I the Great (Second reign)	Dariamuš	27 November 521 BC	November 486 BC
Xerxes I the Great (First reign)	Aḫšiaršu	November 486 BC	July 484 BC
Shamash-eriba	Šamaš-eriba	July 484 BC	October 484 BC
Bel-shimanni	Bêl-šimânni	July 484 BC	August 484 BC
Xerxes I the Great (Second reign)	Aḫšiaršu	October 484 BC	465 BC
Artaxerxes I	Artakšatsu	465 BC	December 424 BC
Xerxes II	— ^[ae]	424 BC	424 BC
Sogdianus	— ^[ae]	424 BC	423 BC
Darius II	Dariamuš	February 423 BC	c. April 404 BC
Artaxerxes II	Artakšatsu	c. April 404 BC	359/358 BC
Artaxerxes III	Artakšatsu	359/358 BC	338 BC
Artaxerxes IV	Artakšatsu	338 BC	336 BC
Nidin-Bel	Nidin-Bêl	336 BC	336/335 BC
Darius III	Dariamuš	336/335 BC	October 331 BC

Dynasty XII (Argead), M.Ö. 331–305

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Alexander III the Great	Aliksandar	October 331 BC	11 June 323 BC
Philip III Arrhidaeus	Pilipsu	11 June 323 BC	317 BC^[af]
Antigonus I Monophthalmus^[ag]	Antigunusu	317 BC	309/308 BC
Alexander IV	Aliksandar	316 BC	310 BC^[ah]

Dynasty XIII (Seleucid), M.Ö. 305–141

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Seleucus I Nicator	Siluku	305 BC^[ai]	September 281 BC
Antiochus I Soter	Antiʾukusu	294 BC^[aj]	2 June 261 BC
Seleucus^[ak]	Siluku	281 BC	266 BC
Antiochus II Theos	Antiʾukusu	266 BC^[aj]	July 246 BC
Seleucus II Callinicus	Siluku	July 246 BC	225 BC
Seleucus III Ceraunus	Siluku	225 BC	223 BC
Antiochus III the Great	Antiʾukusu	223 BC	3 July 187 BC
Antiochus^[al]	Antiʾukusu	210 BC	192 BC
Seleucus IV Philopator	Siluku	189 BC^[aj]	3 September 175 BC
Antiochus IV Epiphanes	Antiʾukusu	3 September 175 BC	164 BC
Antiochus^[al]	Antiʾukusu	175 BC	170 BC
Antiochus V Eupator	Antiʾukusu	164 BC	162 BC
Demetrius I Soter (First reign)	Dimitri	c. January 161 BC^[am]	c. January 161 BC
Timarchus	— ^[an]	c. January 161 BC^[ao]	c. May 161 BC^[ao]
Demetrius I Soter (Second reign)	Dimitri	c. May 161 BC	150 BC
Alexander Balas	Aliksandar	150 BC	146 BC
Demetrius II Nicator	Dimitri'	146 BC	141 BC

Dynasty XIV (Arsacid), 141 BC – AD 224

King	Akkadian	Reigned from	Reigned until
Mithridates I	Aršakâ^[ap]	141 BC	132 BC
Phraates II (First reign)	Aršakâ	132 BC	July 130 BC
Rinnu^[aq]	Ri-[—]-nu^[ar]	132 BC	July 130 BC
Antiochus VII Sidetes	Antiʾukusu	July 130 BC	November 129 BC
Phraates II (Second reign)	Aršakâ	November 129 BC	128/127 BC^[as]
Ubulna^[at]	Ubulna	November 129 BC	128/127 BC
Hyspaosines	Aspasinē	128/127 BC^[as]	November 127 BC
Artabanus I	Aršakâ	November 127 BC	124 BC
Mithridates II	Aršakâ	124 BC	91 BC
Gotarzes I	Aršakâ	91 BC	80 BC
Asi'abatar^[at]	Aši'abatum	91 BC	80 BC
Orodes I	Aršakâ	80 BC	75 BC
Ispubarza^[at]	Isbubarzâ	80 BC	75 BC
Sinatruces	Aršakâ	75 BC	69 BC
Phraates III	Aršakâ	69 BC	57 BC
Piriustana^[at]	Piriustanâ	69 BC	??
Teleuniqe^[at]	Ṭeleuniqê'	??	57 BC
Orodes II	Aršakâ	57 BC	38 BC
Phraates IV	Aršakâ	38 BC	2 BC
Phraates V^[au]	Aršakâ	2 BC	AD 4
Orodes III	Aršakâ	AD 4	AD 6
Vonones I	Aršakâ	AD 6	AD 12
Artabanus II	Aršakâ	AD 12	AD 38
Vardanes I	Aršakâ	AD 38	AD 46
Gotarzes II	Aršakâ	AD 38	AD 51
Vonones II	Aršakâ	AD 51	AD 51
Vologases I	Aršakâ	AD 51	AD 78
Pacorus II	Aršakâ	AD 78	AD 110
Artabanus III^[av]	Aršakâ	AD 79/80	AD 81
Osroes I	— ^[aw]	AD 109	AD 129
Vologases III	— ^[aw]	AD 110	AD 147
Parthamaspates	— ^[aw]	AD 116	AD 117
Vologases IV	— ^[aw]	AD 147	AD 191
Vologases V	— ^[aw]	AD 191	AD 208
Vologases VI	— ^[aw]	AD 208	AD 216/228
Artabanus IV	— ^[aw]	AD 216	AD 224